The 22nd meeting of Russian Workshop "Ozone Synthesis and Modern Ozone Technologies (OST)"
The 15th World Congress of International Ozone Association
The 22nd meeting of Russian Workshop
Ozone Synthesis and Modern Ozone Technologies (OST)
On the 21st of December, 2001, a traditional Russian Workshop on Ozone Synthesis and Modern Ozone Technologies (OST) headed by academician of Russ. Academy of Sciences V.V. Lunin has resumed its work.
V.L. Draginskii’ and Dr. L.P. Alekseeva (Institute of Communal Water Supply and Water Purification, Moscow). «State of Art and Perspectives of Ozone Application for Water Treatment in Russian Federation».
For last years a number of ozone water treatment stations have been put into operation or prepared for it (in Nizhny Novgorod, Kaluga, Perm’, Samara, T’umen’). The foreign as well as the native ozonizers are used at these stations. A specificity of ozone application to water treatment was considered in details. Phenols were found to be by-products of colored wastewaters ozonation. Numerous experimental results concerning ozonation of waters from various surface springs were presented.
A deep purification of water was reached when ozonation was combined with a sorption by active carbons. This technology was tested in more than 50 water purification plants in different regions of Russia. The problem of the toxic products formation in the course of chlorinating as well as ozonation of surface waters was discussed. Some aspects of geothermal waters purification by means of ozone were also considered.
Natural experiments on ozonation of geothermal waters in southern regions of Russia were performed. An adsorption by two step carbon filters followed by ozonation was shown to provide a deep purification of geothermal waters. Formaldehyde appears to be a primary product of waters ozonation; and it can be removed under these conditions, too.
G.I. Emel’yanova, L.E. Gorlenko and V.V. Lunin (Moscow State University, Chem. Dpt.) «Detoxication of 1-1 dimethylhydrazine (DMH) by Ozone. Ecological Aspects».
Ozone was shown to be the most effective oxidant of DMH. Ozone treatment allows to destruct adsorbed DMH resulting in formation of simple nontoxic products such as N2, CO2, H2O (deep oxidation). The process is characterized by a high rate at room temperatures, and the purification degree is equal to 100%. When ozone interacts with liquid or gaseous DMH only 30% of DMH undergoes the deep oxidation. In this case, the products of incomplete DMH oxidation are formed. Nine by-products of DMH oxidation were identified by mass-spectrometry. A scheme of the process was proposed.
P.I. Kirko (Institute of Heat-transfer Physics, Perm’)and V.A. Kuznetsov(Mag. State Univ. Magnitogorsk).«Ozonizers with a Turbulent Gas Flow».
The complete mathematical model including the description of ozone synthesis, geometry of discharge cell, gas flow rate, gas temperature, cooling efficiency was proposed. The model is based on the hypothesis that inhomogenety of the temperature and velocities fields of the gas in the discharge gap influences the process of ozone formation, considerably. Taking into account these factors enables to develop more accurate model. The model was used to work out the experimental ozonizer with turbulent gas flow (Re = 3000-3500) for water and air purification. Owing to the flow turbulence, nitrogen oxides are removed from the surfaces of the dielectric barriers. This device is cooled by the same gas flow.
S.B. Akpanbetov (Technoozone, Moscow) «High Frequency Ozonizer»
The original ozonizer construction was presented. Cooling of the high voltage electrode of the ozonizers is realized without using dielectric resistances and dielectric liquids. In this case, a specific productivity reaches 40-45 g/h.dm2 for the outlet ozone concentration 150-180 g/m3 (in the case of oxygen-fed ozonizer). A choice of dielectric material exerts a strong influence on the frequency properties of the ozonizers. In particular, enamel can be used for ozonizer operation at frequencies 5-20 KHz without significant dielectric losses. However under these conditions, the problems of dielectric inhomogenety (bubbles, cracks) can emerge. The original power supply with a high efficiency coefficient (98,5-99%) was also presented. It’s operation frequencies can reach 1 MHz.
Dr. V.G. Samoilovich (MSU, Chem. Dpt.) «Information about the 15th World Congress of International Ozone Association»
The 23rd meeting of Russian Workshop (June 7, 2002)
Ozone and Other Environment Friendly Oxidants.
Science and Technology.
On the 7th of June,2002, the 23rd Russian Workshop on Ozone and other environment friendly oxidants. Science and Technologies (OEO) was held at the Chemistry Department of Moscow State University in Moscow. The Workshop was devoted to ozone synthesis and its application. 65 participants took part in the Workshop. 10 reports were presented there.
The sitting was opened by the opening address of academician of Russ.Acad.of Sciences V.V. Lunin. He noted the great progress that has been reached by ozone investigators from the datum of ozone discovering in 1840 by Ch. F. Schönbein.
The distinguishing feature of the Workshop was the topic concerning medical applications of ozone. Four reports were devoted to this theme, all of them excited a great interest.
Two wide lectures were devoted to ozone application for drink water treatment and wastewaters purification. In the first lecture Siberian scientists (Tomsk) reported on the succesful operation of automatic drink water station “Nadezhda”. The high grade water purification is reached using cavitational mixer and electric pulses generator.
In his wide lecture S. Alekseev (Moscow) gave the critical analysis of various schemes that applied for ozone purification and disinfection of industrial and municipal wastewaters.
Juridical aspects are rather significant for a new ozonizers equipment constructing. The new normative rules regulating constructing and operation of various ozonizers were considered in the report of V. Semenov (“Techozon”, Dzerzhinsk). It was shown that a number of regulations of this document do not study enough. They could be interpreted ambiguously. After the substantial discussion it was made a resolve to make the necessary changes in the normative documents.
Legal items concerning creation Russian association “Ozone” were considered in the Workshop. It was decided to create the Association , Organizing Commitee was proposed and the procedure of drawing up the documents was started.
The datum of the following Workshop – the 19th of December, 2002. Tentatively, the main topics of the Workshop will be a purification of the outbursts and a specificity of the Pulp industry wastewaters purification.
The 24th meeting of Russian Workshop (December 19, 2002)
Ozone and Other Environment Friendly Oxidants.
Science and Technology.
S.N. Tkachenko (M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University)
The Registration Process and Main Activities of the Regional Fund "Ozone society" (The Association "Ozone and Other
Environment Friendly Oxidants")
V.G. Samoilovich (M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University)
On Proceedings of International Conference on Ozone in Global Water Sanitation (Amsterdam, the Netherlands, October, 1-3, 2002)
S.V. Korobtsev, D.D. Medvedev, V.L. Shiryaevsrii’ (Russian
Science Center «Kurchatovsrii’ Institute», OOO «NTC EKOS», Moscow)
Peculiarities of Carbon Disulfide Impurity Oxidation
in the Air by the Impulse Corona Discharge.
The results of carbon disulfide oxidation in the wide range of concentrations were presented. Two different mechanisms of CS2 oxidation in the air were found. One of the mechanisms is peculiar for high CS2 concentrations, and the second one is acceptable for the slightest carbon disulfide impurity.
A slight hydrogen sulfide impurity influences the efficacy of CS2 oxidation at its low concentrations. The mechanism of CS2 oxidation including HS· -radicals formation was proposed. This mechanism is analogous to the oxidation process by means of OH·-radicals.
A.P. Murakov, E.N. Grebenchikov (Engineering
and Ecological office «Redox-Systems», Ivanovo)
Ozonation of the Working Area Air and the Waste Gases
The advisability of an artificial ozonation of the air containing chemical and bacterial pollutions in the industry indoors was substantiated.
The new equipment and the original technologies of the office «Redox-Systems» was described.
A.F.Pershin*, A.V. Fedorov** (*Scientific
and Technical Firm « Antares», **Russian University of People Friendship)
Application of Corona Discharge Ozonizer for Waste
Gases Purification
The attempt of corona discharge ozonizers application for waste gases purification was considered in the report. The purification of exhaust gases from the fermenter of the microbiological processing was conducted. Morover, the high contents of airborn styrol of fiberglass plastic manifacture indoors were subjected to purification by means of ozonation. In the latter case the ozonizer was used as the reactor for styrol oxidation by ozone.
K.G.Bogolitsin, T.E. Skrebets, M.V.Bogdanov, A.M.Ai’zenshtadt (Arkhangel'sk State Technical University,
Arkhangel'sk)
Ozone Application for the Chemical Wood Processing. The current State.
The literature data devoted to ozone application in the pulp and paper industry are considered in the review lecture. The most promising directions of ozone application were concluded to be connected with cellulose bleaching and wood converting wastewaters purification, too.
Ksenofontova M.M., Mitrofanova A.N., Mamleeva N.A., Pryakhin A.N., Lunin
V.V. (M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University)
Ozonation of Lignins in the Presence of Transition Metal Ions
The influence of transition metal ions Fe2+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Co2+ on the kinetics and mechanism of lignins ozonation. The kinetic parameters of ozone reactions with sodium ligninsulfonate (LS), metal ions and LS-metal ion complexes were estimated under various conditions.
Iron addition was proved to increase ozone demand in the process; at that ferrous ions also significantly accelerate the reaction. The presence of Mn2+ and Co2+ was shown to retard the destruction of LS aromatic rings.
G.I.Rogozhkin (OOO «EKTOS»)
Ozone Application for Iron and Hydrogen Sulfide
Removal from Underground Waters
Recommendations of Sanitation Norms & Rules regarding iron and hydrogen sulfide removing from the water are characterized and some ways of water purification are suggested. The original experimental data on ozonation of the underground waters containing H2S were submitted.
E.A. Filimonova, R.H.Amirov (Institute of High Temperatures, RAN, Moscow)
NO conversion in the diesel exhaust under nanosecond discharges.
The influence of the temperature and carbon impurities on NO conversion in the synthetic diesel exhaust (containing N2, O2, H2O and CO2) was investigated in the corona impulse discharge. About 100% NO conversion was reached in the presence of 550 ppm C3H6 at T=393 K. The energy consumption for one NO molecule disruption is near 14 eV. The modelling of the process was developed. The results of the modelling are in consistent with the experimental concentrations of NO, C2H4 and C3H6. When modelling, both the inhomogeneous distribution of the chemical active species and the temperature influence on the streamer parameters were taken into account. The dominating reactions and the principle products of NO conversion were found.
M.P.Popovitch, V.V.Lunin (M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department)
On the possibilities of high ozone concentrations
production by means of the short wavelength UV – irradiation
Oxygen absorption is higher than that one of ozone in the short wavelength narrow region 140<l<175 nm. So, when oxygen irradiation with this UV region high concentrations of ozone ought to form.
The concentration ratios [O3]/[O2] for three regions of the spectrum characterizing with different absorption cross section (d(O3)/d(O2) =25 (corresponds to the emission at 150 nm), d(O3)/d(O2) = 1 (the emission at 170 nm), d(O3)/d(O2) = 70 (the emission at 185 nm) at the temperatures 293-500 K were calculated.
The calculation was carried out for the steady state conditions when ozone concentration in the mixture reaches its maximum value. Two mechanisms of O3 formation were considered. In accordance with the first one ozone dissociates into three oxygen atoms in the ground state. According to the second mechanism the singlet oxygen O2 (1Dg)and the oxygen O (1D). In fact, probably, the photolysis process includes the both of the mechanisms above.
The volume concentration of ozone in the most favorable case can reach 62 %.The 25th meeting of Russian Workshop (June 5, 2003)
Ozone and Other Environment Friendly Oxidants.
Science and Technology.
On the 5th of June, 2003, the 25th Russian Workshop on Ozone and other Environment friendly Oxidants. Science and Technologies (OEO) was held at the Chemistry Department of Moscow State University (MSU) in Moscow. 103 participants (producers, consumers and investigators) took part in the Workshop. 10 reports were presented there.
In his opening address the Chairman of the Workshop academician of Russian Academy of Science V.V. Lunin noted that the 12th of May 2003 is the centenary of professor MSU N.I. Kobozev (1903 - 1974 ). Professor N.I. Kobozev was a prominent physical chemist who was the founder and the chairman of the laboratory of catalysis and gas electrochemistry (MSU) for a long time (1947 - 1974 ). It is the scientists of this laboratory who have realized the fundamental investigations on the theory of barrier discharge as well as the kinetics of ozone synthesis under atmospheric pressure.
Academician V.V. Lunin also informed about the official justice registration of Russian Fund “Ozone Society” – the Association “Ozone and other Environment friendly Oxidants” that will be completed at the immediate time. In 2004, in the frame of the Association the Russian Conference on Scientific and Applied Study is planned to be held with the participation of foreign scientists and persons engaged in production.
The main topic considered in the morning sitting was the construction of two power ozonizers and the results of their testing. It was noted that the unit capacity of the air-fed ozonizer was 30-35 kg/h. The first construction (a classic Velsbach ozonizer ) was performed by Siberian plant “ Kurgankhimmash” (Kurgan-town). Being the oldest enterprise producing the ozonizer equipment in Russia this plant improves the quality of products year by year. We think that some parameters of the ozonizer complex presented by the authors exceed the best foreign analogues.
The second lecture was connected with the principal new development of the enterprise”GUP VEI” (Moscow). The report was devoted to the ozonizer with the plane discoid electrodes. In the ozonizer the gas flow passes from the periphery to the center of the electrode, and the high voltage electrode is cooled by the low temperature deionized water. Owing to the high power density (14 Kwt/m2 ) the relative high specific productivity ~16-18 g O3 / h.dm2 is realized in this ozonizer. The frequency of feeding in this construction of the ozonizer was equal to 2000-4000 Hz; the enamel was applied as the dielectric.
The report on the impulse corona ozonizer (Russian Scientific Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, “NTC ECOS”, Moscow) with ozone synthesized from the undrained air was presented to the participants of the Workshop. It was also presented the so-called “multi-barrier” ozonizer in which the discharge is realized between the plane parallel electrodes.
Some distance away from the industry ozone production was the report of Piskarev I.M. and Aristova N.A* (Ural State Technical University, Nizhnii’ Tagil-town,*D.V. Scobeltsin Scientific Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow ) devoted to the hydroxyl radical generation in the special construction of corona discharge under the atmospheric pressure. OH-radicals were generated above the surface of water. The authors underlined that the lifetime of the radicals was near one second.
The evening sitting of the Workshop was devoted to the problems of ozone analysis. First of all it is necessary to mark the wide lecture of the collaborators of Saint-Petersburg firm “OPTEK” (The general manager – Chelibanov V.P.). A critical analysis of all principal types of ozone in gas and water analyzers (the foreign as well as the native ones) was conducted in the report. At the present time the firm “OPTEK” produces all kinds of the analytical equipment for ozone; in according with the criterion “price- quality“ this production could be appreciated rather high.
The effective and the relatively inexpensive analyzer of technological ozone concentrations (ozone produced by the ozonizer) was presented by the representative of Moscow firm “Medozone”. These analyzers are commonly used in laboratories and little enterprises of Russia.
The 26th meeting of Russian Workshop (December 18, 2003)
Ozone and Other Environment Friendly Oxidants.
Science and Technology.
On the Workshop Activity and on the Fund “Ozone Society”-Association “Ozone and other Environment Friendly Oxidants” Tkachenko S.N., Lunin V.V. (M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, Moscow)
The principle areas of the activity, the objectives and the tasks of the association of specialists in the field of ozone chemistry and physics were presented in the report. Besides, a lot of questions concerning the activity of the traditional Ozone Workshop being held at the Chemistry Department of Moscow State University were elucidated. The preliminary information about the 1st Russian Ozone Conference was given. The Conference will be held in June, 2005. The participation of foreign scientists is also proposed.
The 16th World Ozone Congress (Las-Vegas, USA, Aug. 31 - Sept. 5) V.G. Samoilovich (M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, Moscow)
The researches concerning the masstransfer having been presented on Ozone Congress were considered in the report. The review of the most important reports presented by the authors was presented.
UV-radiation as a source of oxygen active species; the properties and the application (the literature data) M.P. Popovich, V.G. Samoilovich, V.V. Lunin (M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, Moscow)
A mixture of active molecules and radicals, the so-called active oxygen, is formed when oxygen is irradiated by the wavelengths 130-170 nm in the presence of water vapours. It is possible to obtain the mixture of ozone (40-70%), hydroxyl radicals (5-40%), oxygen and hydrogen peroxide (up to 10%). Accordingly to the literature data, the redox-potential of the mixture reaches 2,4V. This value is higher than the redox-potential of the pure oxygen.
Some probabilities of the active oxygen application are also considered in the report. The analysis of the literature data shows that the active oxygen could be used for water treatment, the noble metals extraction from the minerals and so on.
Catalysis of Ozone Reaction with Chloride Ions in Water Solutions Levanov A.V., Kuskov I.V., Koi’adarova K.B., Zosimov A.V., Antipenko E.E., Lunin V.V. (M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department, Moscow)
The kinetics of ozone interaction with chlorides in water solutions was studied. The reaction resulted to Cl2 evolution into the gas phase. The reaction Î3 + Cl– was catalyzed by the ions H+, VO2+, Fe3+, Co2+. The influence of the catalysts concentrations, the concentrations of chloride ions, the ion strength and the temperature on the reaction rate was investigated. The schemes of the reactions adequate to the experimental data were proposed. The values of the constants related to the stages of the scheme proposed were determined.
Ozone application in the Hydrometallurgy Krilova L.N., Panin V.V., Voronin D.Yu., Samosii’D.A. (GOU VPO Moscow State Institute of Steel and Alloys)
The principle directions of ozone application in the hydrometallurgy were considered. In addition, the results of technological investigations of ozone application for Fe (III) regeneration in the sulfuric medium in relation to the technology of cumulated metals leaching from the metal sulfides minerals were presented.
The effectiveness of ozone - air gaseous mixture application to the drying of grain Golubkovich A.V., *Vigovskii’ Yu. N., *Vigovskaja N.Yu., **Malov A.N. (GNU VIM, Moscow, OOO MTO “Media”, **Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia)
The summarizing of the data of different investigators was carried out. The mechanism of the grain drying in ozone-air medium under ozone concentrations up to 10 mg/m3 was proposed. The experimental data on the kinetics and the dynamics of the grain drying was given. The barrier or corona discharge ozonizers with the output 50 g/h was suggested to be used for agricultural drying of the grain. Application of ozone - air mixtures is more efficiently in the case of the low temperature drying processes, under these conditions the shortening of the drying duration is equal to 15-20%.
Ozone Application for the Presowing Treatment of the Grain-Crops Vasil’chuk N.S., Lisovskya Ò.À., Bogomolov B.À., Shapovalova N.G. (ÎÎÎ «Loza», Saratov, Russia)
The results of the forth-years positive experience of spring and winter wheat presowing treatment by the ecological clean ozone-air mixture in comparison with the system - defined disinfectant were presented in the report.
Ozone Application for Surface and Air Disinfection Bogdan Ì.V., Zarembo Yu.Ì., Bogdan Ì.Ì., Khil’ko S.V. (NP ÎÎÎ «Initor», Minsk, Byelorus’)
The state of art and results of ozonizers application for surface and air disinfection.
The way of the molasses feeding wort disinfection À. À. Litvinchuk ("Byelorus’ Scientific Institute of the food-stuffs”, Minsk, Byelorus’)
The sources of the outside microflora that cause a negative effect to the quality index of the molasses are the components of the molasses wort (molasses and water).
A new method of the molasses feeding wort disinfection by means of ozonization was presented. The comparative analysis of the microbiological and chemical - engineering indexes of the molasses feed wort produced by ozone technology and the molasses wort produced by the traditional technology with chlorine compounds application was carried out. The preferences of ozone as a bactericidal agent for a feed medium disinfection was described. Some versions of ozone disinfection are considered. Ozonization was found to disinfect the molasses wort up to 94-97%.
Disinsection in the flour-milling industry be means of ozonization Litvinchuk À.À., Khil’ko E. B., Rachkovskaya A.I., Òrotskaya Ò.P., *Bogdan M.V. (“Byelorus’ Scientific Institute of the food-stuffs”, Minsk, Byelorus’, *NP ÎÎÎ «Initor», Minsk, Byelorus’)
The quality of the flour-milling output depends on the presence of the harmful insects in the working areas and storehouses. The procedure of the working areas and storehouses disinfection was described. This procedure allows reaching a high effectiveness of the disinfection process in relation to the pest of the flour-milling industry. The actuality of the pest control and the state of art in this field was shown. The data concerning the economy and the preferences of the procedure were performed.
The microbiological indexes of the initial and ozone treated flour gave evidences that the ozonization resulted in 3 – 5 times decreasing of the flour bacteria contents.
Ozone Technologies related to the Malt Production Khil’ko Å.B., Litvinchuk À.À., Òrotskaya Ò.P. (“Byelorus’ Scientific Institute of the food-stuffs”, Minsk, Byelorus’)
An intense development of the brewery in Russia and Byelorus’ causes a deficiency of as the barley as the malt. The main importers of the barley are Germany, France and Finland. More than 50% of the barley is imported from these countries. There is a problem of increasing of the competitiveness and the quality of the native raw materials. Investigations of the innovatory technologies department of the Belarus' institute of the food-stuffs in the field of ozone application under the every stage of the malt production were elucidated. Ozone application could be useful for the intensification of the process as well as it could improve the quality index of the finished product.
Ozone Application in the Brewing Khil’ko Å.B., Litvinchuk À.À., Rachkovskaya A.I., Òrotskaya Ò.P. (“Byelorus’ Scientific Institute of the food-stuffs”, Minsk, Byelorus’)
The stable drinks production is one of the significant problems of the drinks manufacturing. Production of the beer with its peculiar properties depends on the processes that take place in the beer. A part of these processes is due to the vital functions of bacteria The sources of the infection in the drink manufactures were discovered. Investigations of “Byelorus’ Institute of the food-stuffs” in the field of the malt and beer production were elucidated. A high effectiveness of ozone as a disinfectant was found. It could be used for the maintenance of the manufactures air, equipment, communication systems and as well as for the local water preparation.
The 27th meeting of Russian Workshop (June 4, 2004)
Ozone and Other Environment Friendly Oxidants.
Science and Technology.
Native Ozonizer (OU-25) with Productivity 25 kg/h. Constructive and Exploitation Peculiarities, Technical and Economic Effectiveness; Perspectives of Application. Solomonov Yu.S.1, Karyagin N.V.2, Kulyukin V.M.2, Pashin M.M.3, Puresev N.I5, Smorodin A.I.4 (1FGUP “Moscow Teplotechnick Institute” Moscow; 2The firm “Moscow Ozonizers”, Moscow; 3GUP VEI “Russian Electrotechnical Institute”, Moscow; 4ZAO NPO “Kriogenmash”, Balashiha; 5VNITS VEI, Istra)
In the article are published the data în the native ozonizer with the productivity 25 kg/h. The set-up consists of the module contains suitable for the centralized water-supply.
The descriptive memorial and the economic preferences of the module containers scheme (MCS) of OU-25 are also shown. The cost of the plant construction based on the MCS was shown to be about three times lower than the cost of the stationary station.
The parameters of the main water-supply systems and the system of OU-25 were compared to the foreign as well as the native analogous. As to the principle parameters of OU-25 the latter is seen to be highly competitive. Moreover, some of the characteristics exceeds the same parameters for the foreign ozonation designs.
Elaboration and Application of New oxide Catalysts for Ozone Destruction. Tkachenko S.N.1, Lunin V.V.1, Egorova G.V.1, Popovich M.P.1, Golosman E.Z.2 (1M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department; 2Novomoskovsk Institute of Nitrogenous Industry, Novomoskovsk)
The field of ozone destruction occurring on oxide cement-containing catalysts (COC) was determined both under high and low temperatures in the flowing reactor filled by COC granules. Kinenics of ozone destruction on the COC by means of ”the tubes method” was studied. The diffusion and the kinetic parameters of ozone destruction happening on the cylindrical tubes inside surface covered by the catalyst were also investigated. Ozone destruction on COC covering the beads-type thermistor sensor was investigated, as well.
The mechanism of ozone decomposition on the surface of COC was proposed. The process was found to be limited by the desorption process of the reaction product (oxygen) from the surface. In the work were determined the lifetimes of adsorbed oxygen and ozone molecules. The heat emanation induced by ozone destruction on COC covering the thermistors was simulated. The rate constants of the principle stages of the heterogeneous ozone decomposition on Mn - Cu catalysts were evaluated by the authors.
Basing on the experimental data on the kinetic regularities of catalytic ozone decomposition the concept of new high-effective oxide catalysts preparation was proposed by the authors. The transition metals oxides as well as alumina are used by the authors as a basis for ozone decomposition catalysts preparation.
The characteristics of the catalysts are highly competitive with the best well known catalysts. These compositions took out patents, they are applied in industry. The authors created the automatic ozone decomposition thermocatalytic block that allow to carry out the decomposition of residual ozone and to decrease the concentration of exhausting ozone.
Experimental Base for Labour-rent Ozonation Design and Ozone Technologies. Possibilities and Perspectives of Application. Solomonov Yu.S.1, Karyagin N.V.2, Goncharenko B.I.2, Kubishkin E.I.2, Kulyukin V.M.2, Chelishev S.V.1 (1FGUP “Moscow Teplotechnick Institute”; 2The firm “Moscow Ozonizers”, Moscow)
In the paper is presented the description of the multifunctional complex experimental base (CEB) having been put into operation. CEB is intended for the system labour-rent and for the reception control of the industrial modules of the set-up with the productivity up to 25 kg ozone/ hour. CEB could be used for an investigation of water ozonation, as well.
The descriptive memorial and the principal parameters of CEB main equipment are presented.
Modernization Program for Ozone-Air Mixture Disintegration System. Comparative Testing of both Regular and Experimental Water Ozonation Lines at East Water-Supply Plant in Moscow. Karyagin N.V.1, Afanas’ev Yu.V.2, Goncharenko B.I.1, Kokurin L.A.1, Ksenofontova M.M.3, Kulyukin V.M.1, Lunin V.V.3, Tkachenko S.N.3 (1The firm “Moscow Ozonizers”; 2Moscow East Water-Supply Plant; 3M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemistry Department)
The construction schemes of the industrial contact reservoirs for drinking water ozonation were considered. Besides, the regime peculiarities of the simultaneous ozonation set-up and ozone-air mixtures dispersion systems (OAM) action were described.
The characteristics of the regular and the experiment disintegrators were compared.
The authors took into consideration the particular factors influencing the completeness of ozone consumption from water. It allows them developing, constructing and recently testing the experimental line of water ozonation at the East Water Supply plant in Moscow. The scheme of water flowing and the construction of OAM at the latter dispersion system differs from those of the functioning lines.
To compare the level of ozone losses were proposed both the procedure and the testing program of the regular and the experimental water ozonation lines.
Kinetics of Gas - Liquid Ozonation. V.I.Yakobi (Moscow)
The influence of ozone diffusion rate on the kinetics of gas-liquid ozonation processes was considered. Depending on the experimental conditions the ozonation process could be obeyed to the different kinetic regularities. The author indicated when the reaction occurs in the kinetic, transition or diffusion region; apart from these regularities/ The author also noted that the film as well as the quasi stationary regime can be realized in the system. Both, the quasi heterogeneous catalysis of the ozonation processes and the radical-chain mechanism were also considered by the author.
Phenols were found to be the intermediates of ozonolysis of a number of aromatic compounds.
On the Approximation of Gas-Liquid Ozonation processes G.I. Rogozhkin (Moscow Architectural Institute)
The experimental procedure of gas-liquid ozonation process in water solutions was presented in the article. Besides, the calculation method of this process was proposed. The procedure includes the simplest engineering approach to the multistage mechanism of the ozonation. It is based on the measurements and analysis of the observed and quantitatively estimated parameters.
Retrofit of Apparatus and Improvement of Mass Transfer Approach in relation to Water Ozonation Process. Yablokova M.A., Petrov S.I., Ivanova O.M. (Saint-Petersburg State Technological Institute (Technical University)
The intensive fluid-jet contactors as for water treatment as for wastewaters purification were developed by the authors. The operation of the contactors is based on the self-suction of ozone-air mixture (OAM). The compact two-step gas-water countercurrent contactors were constructed. These conditions allow to reach the deep ozone consumption from OAM.
The mathematical model for ozone transfer into the liquid phase was developed and controlled experimentally. The authors proposed a mathematical model including the rate of ozone dilution in water, ozone consumption in the course of the reaction with pollutants, ozone self-decomposition in the liquid phase. Besides, the authors take into account the lengthwise mixing inside the bubble zone of the fluid-jet apparatus. The model proposed allows determining the concentrations of ozone both in the gaseous and liquid phases for any point of the contactor. It also allows to find new ways for increasing the efficiency of ozone consumption. From this point of view the retrofit of the contactor was also considered by the authors.